Umbrella Corporation - Paramilitary units

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Throughout the Resident Evil series, several Umbrella-owned paramilitary units were introduced, driving the plot and providing new enemies and allies.

Umbrella Security Service (U.S.S.)

The Umbrella Security Service (Special Forces Unit) (USS or USFU) were first introduced in Resident Evil 2. USS Alpha team attempted to steal a sample of the G-virus, causing the city-wide outbreak in the game. Delta team appeared in the prequel Resident Evil Zero; Delta team was sent in to blow up the Ecliptic Express after the trouble occurred, but was overwhelmed by the leeches and wiped out. Delta team was under the direct command of Wesker and Birkin.

Other games give further background for the Umbrella Special Forces. According to Code: Veronica, USFU agents are trained at the Rockfort Island facility.

One of the more notable members of the USFU, HUNK, appears first in a minigame in Resident Evil 2, where he is given the mission of retrieving the G-virus from the research facility under Raccoon City. Canonically, he is the only survivor of his squad's mission.

USFU agents are always depicted in solid-color grey fatigues, wearing protective vests and gas masks (except in Resident Evil: Apocalypse, where they are depicted in solid black fatigues, vests, and a type of enclosed helmet). They report directly to the highest ranking officers in Umbrella. Unlike the UBCS which performs more visible missions such as rescuing civilians, this unit maintains total secrecy and a small size. Also unlike the UBCS, this unit's personnel are not considered to be expendable. Members of the USFU are ex-military, highly trained, and dedicated to protecting Umbrella's various assets.

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Umbrella Biohazard Countermeasure Service

The Umbrella Biohazard Countermeasure Service (UBCS) was introduced in Resident Evil 3. Numerous squads of UBCS soldiers are deployed to Raccoon City, supposedly to search for survivors and to help contain the zombie epidemic. In fact, they were deployed so that Umbrella could gain reliable combat data regarding their biological weapons—a fact known only to their supervisors (who never expected their forces to be wiped out). One of their members, Carlos Oliveira, is a main character in the game. UBCS members are also depicted in Resident Evil Outbreak-Files #1 and #2- andThe Umbrella Chronicles.

The UBCS was founded by former Soviet Colonel Sergei Vladimir. The service is mainly composed of "nightmen", mostly former mercenaries and war criminals recruited by Umbrella and trained to deal with "problems caused by illegal products." In Resident Evil: Apocalypse and Extinction they are referred to as the Umbrella Biohazard Countermeasure Force.

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Supervisors

The Supervisors are introduced in Resident Evil 3 and further fleshed out by documents in The Umbrella Chronicles, where they are referred as "Monitor". They are also known as "Observers" in the book Resident Evil: Archives. The Supervisors are part of an internal espionage organization within Umbrella meant to monitor suspicious activity among its own employees. Supervisors are usually placed throughout the corporation and maintain the image of normal employees in order to help them conduct their spy activities. Several Supervisors were placed among the UBCS, one of whom was Nicholai Ginovaef. Their orders range from spying on fellow employees and destroying evidence to cleanup operations, including assassinations if required.

Umbrella Trashsweepers unit

Resident Evil Survivor includes a force known as the Umbrella Trashsweepers, also known as the Undertakers or Cleaners. Cleaners appear to have uniforms similar to those of Umbrella's Special Forces Unit, with body armor, gas masks, and gray battle dress uniforms. Their role is to destroy all evidence of a viral outbreak, including survivors.

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Umbrella Corporation - T- Virus

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The t-Virus (also known as the Clay virus ε-strain) is a mutagenic virus created by the Umbrella Corporation. It was derived from the Progenitor virus and designed to take advantage of its mutagenic properties for the development of a new form of biological weapon known as "B.O.W." (Bio Organic Weapon), a living creature genetically modified for use as a killing machine.

History

Initial development
On December 4th, 1966, the Progenitor virus was discovered by an expeditionary team led by Oswell E. Spencer and James Marcus. These gentlemen, along with Edward Ashford – a fellow aristocratic friend of Spencer – held a certain economic position and decided to begin research upon the virus. Most of the research was carried out by Marcus, after Ashford died in July 1968 and Spencer was already occupied by his burgeoning pharmaceutical corporation, Umbrella.

The Umbrella Corporation used its finances to secretly develop the virus under the radar of international authorities. In time, Marcus further evolved the virus, creating the first effective bio-weapon to be produced in large quantity and be closely studied by the Umbrella Corporation. By adding the virus to leeches, the attributes of both were combined, and the first primitive strain of the t-Virus soon saw the light in 1978

Research into weaponry
Though most of the research for the virus took place within the Arklay Laboratory underneath the Spencer Mansion façade, some eight miles northwest of Raccoon City, and the Umbrella training facility under Marcus' orders, covered by the American Umbrella offices, Spencer's Umbrella empire in Europe raced against Marcus to adequate the t-Virus to create a virus with an even greater destructiveness. Marcus' dreams to overthrow Spencer and his attitude towards the virus as a "money-spinning tool" for Umbrella were never fulfilled, as he was murdered before he could enact them. Birkin came to be known within Umbrella circles as the true creator of the t-Virus.

During those years, vast numbers of t-viral strains were developed in the Arklay Laboratory, and tested upon one solitary test subject: Lisa Trevor. For years, she was subject to intense biological torture, which, despite all odds, she survived.

As well, William Birkin, grown conceited as being credited as the creator of the t-Virus, spawned a myriad of biological weapons to serve as backup to the virus, to ensure a 100% death ratio in any populace the virus should be released. Among these are the Hunters (created by fusion of a human fertilized egg with t-Virus infected reptilian DNA), the Ivies (flowers grown to unnatural proportions and given animal instincts, locomotion and rudimentary defense mechanisms),[citation needed] the Chimeras (a mixture between a fly and human given vague humanoid appearance, increased size and mass, improved claws, and better reflexes),[citation needed] the Cerberus (infected dogs - specifically Dobermans), and most importantly, the crowning achievement of Birkin's career for the time: the Tyrant.

Later, Lisa Trevor's body had deteriorated to inhuman levels. Birkin decided to implant her with the genetically engineered parasitic organism NE-α Typereputed to kill all its hosts, no matter how strong, within five minutes of gaining control over them. The results astounded even Birkin: Lisa's body absorbed the parasite. Birkin's further examination revealed a heavily altered strain of the t-virus which had evolved over the course of 21 years since she was first injected with the TYPE-B strain of the Progenitor virus. He named this new virus "G" for "God" and began preliminary research towards the advancement of a new virus development project.

Use on the black market
In 1998, a series of biohazard outbreaks involving the t-virus began to occur. Several outbreaks were caused in the Arklay Mountains region due to the machinations of the Queen Leech, which had bonded with the DNA of James Marcus and became a veritable clone of the former scientist. For more than three decades, the t-Virus threat had been averted, but at the time of his awakening, the Arklay woodland was slowly corrupted by the infectious agent. Before long, the Arklay laboratories had fallen. The Laboratory was
seemingly infected by infected water, causing its employees to fall to anarchy over the relatively long period of time between May 11 and late June, 1998.

From there, stories started stemming from the forest; several killings took place and an advance party of an elite paramilitary unit -, the S.T.A.R.S. Bravo team - was sent from Raccoon City to destroy the threat, oblivious to its real cause. Only four of these members, Rebecca Chambers, Enrico Marini,Kenneth J. Sullivan, and Richard Aiken survived the night. All of them had holed up in the massive mansion and its adjacent areas. The next evening, the S.T.A.R.S. Alpha team sought refuge in the mansion as well, after losing a man to an attack by the multitude of cerberuses, mutated Dobermans, which infested the grounds.

Later on, the remaining members of S.T.A.R.S. met up at the underground laboratory where the Tyrant (T-002 Type) was kept. This Tyrant killed Albert Wesker temporarily, and was killed by a rocket blast in a skirmish with the remaining S.T.A.R.S as it attempted to foil their rescue by returning Alpha team pilot Brad Vickers.

After the demolition of the manor, the virus sources were thought stopped definitively, but when William Birkin's subterranean laboratories were attacked by Umbrella's Black Ops in September 1998 in an effort to retrieve his G-virus, another outbreak ensued. This infection encompassed all of Raccoon and ended in the forced termination of the entire city. Umbrella was immediately exposed as creator of the virus due to the enormous amount of evidence produced from the scarce survivors, and was systematically dismantled and shut down.

Still, another outbreak was induced in late 1998, on Rock Fort Island, this time by the revived Albert Wesker and his new employers, referred to only asthe Organization. This ended in the partial demolition of the Umbrella installations there and the total destruction of the South Pole Umbrella Research Center.

Yet another occurred in 1998, this time on Sheena Island; an Umbrella-owned "Tyrant Plant". Hundreds of adolescents from across the globe were kidnapped and taken there to be dissected, to retrieve a hormone important for the psychological development of the Hypnos-T Type.[7] This infection was caused by the - now mad with power - commander Vincent Goldman. The island was "sterilized" when facility's self-destruct system was activated.

Another occurred in 2002 on an Umbrella-owned luxury liner, the Spencer Rain, which was caused by an ex-Umbrella researcher-turned bio-terrorist named Morpheus D. Duvall, who was fired after the company used him as a scapegoat for the disaster at the Arklay facility.[citation needed] The ship's crew and its passengers were transformed into zombies, or were killed by the B.O.W. specimens prepared for auction and display purposes. The liner was destroyed when it crashed into an island which housed the -also infested- Umbrella Waste Disposal Facility.

Also in 2002, an Amazonian organ-trafficking crime syndicate got hold of "t" and the similarly named, but otherwise unrelated, "t-Veronica virus". Receiving "t" and B.O.W.s through a dummy company of the Russian branch of Umbrella, the syndicate's leader, Javier Hidalgo, armed his organization with biological weapons. He also purchased t-Veronica through Albert Wesker, and proceeded to use it to treat his daughter from the same illness as her mother. After his daughter ran off, Javier, in a fit of rage, released the t-Virus throughout the surrounding area. The virus spread to at least two villages, transforming their inhabitants into zombies. Leon S. Kennedy and Jack Krauser ended Javier's rule with the assistance of his daughter.

A bioterrorist attack in 2005 India was halted by WilPharma Corporation's t-vaccine. This attack was actually planned by a WilPharma Corporation researcher, who wanted to demonstrate power of the virus and its vaccine to potential buyers on the black market.

The last known outbreak occurred in 2005, within the Harvardville Airport, where the infection began after a single zombie entered the building and began to attack people within the building. A small-scale outbreak happened at the nearby WilPharma Corporation bio-dome facility, after a bomb was detonated. Both facilities were eventually sterilized, however.

Then sometime after the Raccoon City outbreak a series of bioterrorist attacks started happening all over the world and so far the virus used in said attacks was the t-virus.

S.T.A.R.S. Special Tactics and Rescue Service

The Special Tactics and Rescue Service (S.T.A.R.S.) 

Was an elite special forces division under the jurisdiction of the Raccoon City Police Department.

It employed ex-military personnel and academic civilians for appropriate positions within the police department. The overall idea was to form a team combining tactically-sound soldiers with scientists, allowing the team to operate in both anti-terrorism and increasingly-potent urban crime

History

A unit of hand-picked specialists working with the Raccoon City Police Department, S.T.A.R.S.

Was founded in 1996 in order to combat the increasing rate of terrorism and other violent crimes. The special tactics team was formed as part of Mayor Michael Warren's redevelopment campaign, "Bright Raccoon 21", funded generously and heavily by the private sector, most notably the Umbrella Corporation. By July 1998, it was comprised of twelve members split into two teams; an "Alpha" team led by Albert Wesker, and a "Bravo" team led by Enrico Marini.

Two years after its formation, S.T.A.R.S. was deployed by the police to investigate a series of brutal cannibalistic homicides, which had taken place in the Arklay Mountains on the outskirts of the city.[citation needed] Bravo team was sent in on July 23, 1998 to investigate these incidents.

However, contact with Bravo team was lost and on the following day, Alpha team was dispatched to follow-up on Bravo team's mission and investigate their disappearance. Their probe of the area led to an isolated mansion (The base of Umbrella's Arklay Laboratory), where various mutated creatures run amok and the mansion's very research staff transformed into undead creatures as a result of a viraloutbreak. Moreover, the members of Alpha team also found the remains of some of their Bravo team compatriots, while finding others on the brink of death (with the exception of Rebecca Chambers, who managed to escape with the Alpha team).

It was revealed that the experiments in the mansion were conducted by the international Umbrella Corporation and that the S.T.A.R.S. team's leader, Albert Wesker, was a double agent working for Umbrella, who had orchestrated the deaths of his subordinates in order to collect test battle data for Umbrella's B.O.W. research.

The team managed to thwart Wesker's plot by killing the T-002 Tyrant prototype. Only Alpha team members Jill Valentine; Chris Redfield; Barry Burton; Brad Vickers (Alpha team's helicopter pilot, who initially left the team stranded in the first place, but later regained his composure and airlifted the survivors), and Bravo team survivor Rebecca Chambers survived the mansion incident officially. Albert Wesker proved to have survived the attack from the Tyrant and escaped the mansion on his own.

The S.T.A.R.S. office had to go through a major clean out as over half of the officers were murdered (by products of Umbrella). Their desks were cleaned out and, as such, most every member had their own desk to work at, save Rebecca who was on Bravo team so was usually on a different shift anyway.

After their return to civilization, S.T.A.R.S. requested a full-scale investigation of Umbrella's activities. However, many found their outlandish story too unbelievable to be possible and the Chief of Police, Brian Irons (who was secretly on Umbrella's payroll) disbanded the team officially, replacing the unit with the R.P.D's newly established S.W.A.T. unit to serve as the city's armed response unit. Chris, Jill and Barry banded together and participated in anti-Umbrella operations around the globe.